Improvement in burners for locomotive head-lights



A. C. VAUGHAN.

Lcomotive-Head-Light Burner.

.Patented Aug. 30. 1870.

NoA 106.971.

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AARON O. VAUGHAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR JAMES M. SELLERS AND A. K. MCOLURE, OE SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No. 106,971, dated.Angust 30, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN lBURNERS POR LOCOMOTIVE HEAD-LIGHTS. Y

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the sameA by declare the following to be a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the drawing lthat accompanies and forms a part of these specifications.

The object of my invention is to provide for such an equal, rentle, and constant supply of air to the flame as shall make combustion perfect, and thus avoid throwing oli uncousnmed carbon, that I may obtain that brilliancy of dame, and a consequent illnrninating power, that the hydrocarbon oils 'are able to alford when these conditions are secured and maintained.

It has been found very difficult, even with lam-ps that remain at rest, to secure the most perfect combustion and attendant brilliancy of flame. 'Ihe didi.- culty is much greater withlamps that are subject to motion and jars, and violent and ever-varying currents of air.

Io secure the desired results' in burners foi-.locomotive head-lights, lights for light-houses, and the like, I provide (and in this my invention consists) such a surrounding of the upper portion of the wickchannel with shields, and such a system of perforatiousto or in these shields, that, in whatever direction the wind may blow, an equitable and constant supply of air is kept up to the blaze, and, if the lamp is upon a locomotive, the same, whether the rate of speed is fast or slow.

In the drawing- Figure 1 represents a full view of vmy burner, in elevation.

Figure 2, longitudinal bisection, presenting all the interior parts.

Figure 3, view of t-he upper and detachable portion, with some parts of the front outer walls broken away, to represent the relation of parts within, and their structure and provisions.

Figure 4, a cross-section of the parts on the line a; x.

Letter A is the outer wall of the wick-channel, (see fig. 2.)

lLetter B, a metal shield, closing around thetube A at z, and extending upward, the form and termination of which fig. 2 well illustrates.

Letter O is au inner shield, having its base with that of B, and, rising upward in a line different from that of B, rests its upper edge in a groove in the inner side of B, near its top, (see iig. 2.)

D, a deiector, Whose base rests in the same groove l as t-he upper edge of G.

F, like perforations .in this shield near its top.

G, a seriesof perforations, very numerous, and distributed throughout the central portion of shield O.

The space between the shields B and C provides a reservoir, from which air is constantly fed, through the perforations G, to the flame, openings E and F opervating as hereinafter described.

In operation the philosophy of my invention is this, vlz:

supposing the currents of air arestrongly upward, there can be no very considerable undue pressure thereof upon the blaze, for relief would be had'by the passage of' air outward through the perforations F; or, should it be that strong currents of air were tending downward around the burner, forcing an over supply through the openings F,'relief would come from .the passage of a portion thereof outwardly through the pertorations E, while at all times a sutciency of air would pass inwardly, through the openings G, to supply that character of combustion which affords the greatest amount of illumination. Hence we see that, -upon a locomotive, sudden motions, variable currents, from rapid or slow speed or other causes, will not interfere with or prevent that sufiicient and constant supply of free air requisite to a constantly brilliant illumination.

As a consequence, in addition to the ever strong and clear light, the reectorsand chimneys are clean ofsmoke, so that little or no illuminating power is lost from this source.

Equally advantageous will myrdevice be found for light-house illumination, or wherever the lamptmay be exposed to strong or greatlyuctuatiug currents of an'.

The number and size of' the perforatious in the shields AB and C, and the relative capacitypf those iu shield B, as compared with those in shield 0, can be determined only by trial. As a general rule, it may be said that in these respects the outer shield B Ishould somewhat surpass the inner shield O.

' What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The shield B, provided with the series of perfotions E and Ii, and the shield C, provided with the perforations G, each in relation to the other, as described aud set forth.-

2. The combination of the detachable shields B and G with the wick-tube A, as specified.

3. The combination of the shield B, shield C, and deector D, as specified.

In testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification in presence of two subscribing witnesses.4

AARON O. VAUGHAN.

Witnesses:

J. M. WALKER, D. B. MGGINLEY. 

